Centrifugal machine



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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE,

Application led May 1, 1920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Dr. Oreo Piixiinx'rri, a citizen of the German Republic, and resid ing at Raunheim, Main. Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Machines, ot' which the following is a specification.

The hitherto known continually acting centrifugal machines with cone-shaped or wing-shaped centrifugal surfaces all suffer from the drawback that the material to be treated, for instance sugar filling-mass, is non-uniformly dried, or that their capacity is unsatisfactory. According to the present invention, said drawbacks are to be overcome by the arrangement of a device, which, while acting itself in a centrifugal way, supplies or throws the material to be treated in thin layers and in a uniform distribution upon the centrifugal surfaces of the machine. Depending on the extent of distribution intended, the device may be of modified constructions in its details.

'he annexed drawing shows some suitable constructional forms of the improved arrangement:

Figure l shows a vertical central section through a centrifugal machine having three cone-shaped centrifugal surfaces, to which the distributer is attached;

Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a vertical central section and a plan view of a modi- Hed construction of distributer;

Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a front view, partly in section, and a plan view of a further modification of distributer;

Fig. 6 is a vertical central ser-tion through a centrifugal machine having wing-shaped centrifugal surfaces, with the same type of distributer as in Fig. l;

Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a vertical central section and a plan view through another type of centrifugal machine with wingshaped centrifugal surfaces.

eferring to Fig. l: The cones K1. K2, K3 are keyed on the hollow axle B. Through the latter passes a rotary shaft A, which carries the distributer V ferent circumferential speed to that of the axle B. The filling-mass flows through three pipes R1, R2, R3 to the three superposed compartments of the distributer V and is thrown onto the cones K through the three annular slots O1, O2, O3 in said distributer. The cones K are tit-ted with strainers upon which settle the crystals while the syrup is co1 Specification of Letters Patent.

and which receives dif- Patented Aug. 16", 1921. Serial No. 378,2801f.

lected on the cone surfaces and escapes through the bottom openings L.

he supply to the pipes R can be easily controlled in such a way that all three compartments of the distributer V and thus all three cones K receive equal quantities of filling-mass. From the slots O of the distributer, the filling-mass is thrown in tangential direction, whereby all lumps are divided to crystal size, and, owing to the different speeds of shaft A and axle B, are still far ther spread upon the cones K. The greater the difference between the speeds of shaft A and axle B, the liner and thinner is the filling-mass distributed upon the cones and the more can be siipplied and sutiiciently thrown out. The capacity of the cones K depends thus upon the efficiency of the distrihuter V. It' the cohesion of the filling-mass lumps is very large, it will require a stronger effect of the distributer than vice versa. In this case, behind the lirst distributer, a second and third distributor can be inserted, and each distributer can be des'gned as a drum with strainers,` so that the filling-mass is not distributed and spread at a time but in stepwise fashion. For instance, on the hollow axle B a second hollow axle of different speed to that of axle B may be mounted and also fitted with three cone-surfaces which, of course, are so large that the filling-mass from the cones K can be delivered upon the same.

Other forms of distrilniter V are shown in Figs. 2 to Instead of the tillingmass being supplied through a plurality of pipes R, it is divided by the (ilistributer itself into three portions corresponding to the three cones K, so that one supply-pipe It only is reouired.

In F ig. 2, the distributer is cone-shaped. The filling-mass from the cup T underneath the pipe R is thrown upon the walls of the cone M and flows down the same. As shown in Fig. 3. the walls of the cone M are interrupted by three rows of alternately arranged slots O1, O2, (la. of which the uni- -Form arrangement and width results in a correspondingly uniform distribution of the filling-mass upon the cones K1, K2, K3. For this purpose. the cone surface M (Fig. 3) is divided into twelve radial sections of equal size. of which always each three succeeding sections at three different distances from the center have slots O1, of which the width corresponds to the width of the section at the respective place of the cone surface M. New, said three slots are arranged four times,l that are together twelve slots. Owing to said division, all said slots allow a passage of approximately equal quantities of filling-mass therethrough, and furthermore that quantity which is not taken-up by the slots of row O1 lmust flow .either through those of row O2 or O3. Of course, the slots O may also be dimensiened and distributed in any other way. The object of the division described is to supply all three cones K, as far as possible, with equal quantities of filling-mass and further to uniformly spread the latter upon each single cone l.

ln l? Zl and 5, the distributer is drums'shaped. The cylindrical walls have three rows of slots O1, O2, O3 each with four slots, that are together twelve slots. The drunr space is subdivided by partitions Q, into twelve chambers of equal size of which each four are in communication with the slots O1 to O3 inclusive. vThe slots O numbered l supply the filling-mass onto `the cone K1, and those numbered 2 and 3, onto the cones K2 and K3 respectively.

The distributers described, 'for coneshaped centrifugal surfaces, can also be applied to other centrifugal machines, for instance such with wing-shaped centrifugal surfaces, as shown in Fig. 6, where a distributer of the construction shown in Fig. l serresfor the supply of wings F. Here, however. the filling-.mass meets .only three places of the centrifugal surfaces. Preferably, the filling-mass is to be distributed on the whole width of the wings, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The wings are here subdivided into an upper and a lower half F1 and F2 which lead onto the cones M1 and M2 of the distributer. Corresponding to the arc-shape of the sixteen wings F, the cones M are interrupted by arc-shaped slots The proportion between the number of wings and their width is so chosen that always the upper end of a slot S in the cone M covers the lower end of the adjacent slot, so that the whole filling-mass, which is thrown from the distributer V onto the cone M., must, when slippingdown, pass through the slots upon the sixteen wings, and that upon the whole width of the same. For instance, when drawing in Fig. S a radius to the lower end of a slot, the saine intersects the upper end of the adjaeent'slot itis the filling-mass, when slipping-down the cone M, follows always the sides of the same, which in plan Viewl (Fig. 8) appears as ara dius, that quant-ity of the filling-mass, which has flown along the upper endl of a'slot S, will be safely caught by the lower end of the adjacent slot.

rWhat l claim, is: Y Y, ln a centrifugal machine, the combination with the wingshaped centrifugal surfaces of the latter, of a distributer for a uniform supply of the illingfmass onto the former having a different circumferential speedv to that of the former and consisting of cones in contact with said wings and having slots at said contact points of a length corresponding to that of the latter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the'presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DR. OTTO 'PANKRATl-l.

Witnesses ADAM C RAirE,

T. HARON. 

